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Electricity & Circuits (Smart Series, Parallel & Fault-Finder Lab)

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Master circuit design! Build Series and Parallel LED circuits on a magnetic circuit board. Digital current sensors measure current flow (Amps); if one bulb blows out in Series, ALL go dark — but in Parallel, the other stays bright!

Categorisation

Props & Materials Required

  • Modular magnetic circuit board (Batteries, Switches, Bulbs, Buzzers, Resistors)
  • 2x ACS712 current sensors (measures series/parallel current flow)
  • Volt meter sensor module
  • ESP32 controller board
  • 16x2 LCD display screen
  • DFPlayer Mini MP3 module + 3W speaker

Step-by-Step Instructions

1

Connect Series Circuit

Connect 2 LED bulbs in Series with a 3V battery switch.

2

Unscrew Bulb 1 (Simulate Blown Bulb)

Unscrew Bulb 1. Circuit opens! Current drops to 0.0 mA and Bulb 2 goes dark instantly!

3

Reconnect in Parallel Circuit

Rewire bulbs in Parallel configuration.

4

Unscrew Bulb 1 in Parallel Mode

Unscrew Bulb 1. Bulb 2 STAYS BRIGHT! Current sensor reads 'Bulb 2 Current: 40 mA'. Speaker explains house wiring parallel design!

Why It Works & Notes

In Series circuits, current has only ONE path (removing one bulb breaks the circuit); in Parallel circuits, current has MULTIPLE paths. Measuring live voltage and current on digital sensors makes electric circuit theory concrete.